However, the psychological effects can lead to unusual and harmful behavior. Severe or life threatening physical effects are only likely to occur at very high doses - over 0.2 to 1 milligram (mg) per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg). It can also trigger panic attacks, psychotic episodes, disturbing anxiety, paranoia, pain, and a feeling of dying or going insane. There may be extreme fear, paranoia, and separation from self. It is similar to psychosis, and the person cannot escape from it. A “bad trip,” however, can be terrifying. If a person has a “good trip,” they may experience feelings of well-being, a perception of being outside one’s body, an enhanced insight toward creativity, and mystical experiences. LSD’s danger lies in the unpredictability of the “trip.” The drug’s potency is unreliable, and individuals react differently to it, even if they take the same dose as they did before.Īn individual’s mindset, surroundings, stress level, expectations, thoughts, and mood when they take the drug strongly influence its effects.
However, it primarily affects the mind with visual distortions and sensory hallucinations. Physical stimulation resulting from LSD use causes blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature to rise. People using LSD may report having good or bad “trips” or experiences. People report “hearing” colors and “seeing” sounds. Hallucinations can also cause blending of the senses, or synesthesia. The perceptions can involve one or more of the five senses: touch, sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Sensations seem real, but the mind creates them. These alterations appear as hallucinations. Additionally, LSD reduces brain activity in several structures, including the right middle temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, cerebellum, and left superior frontal and postcentral gyrus.
This overstimulation causes changes in thought, attention, perceptions, and emotions. Normally, the brain filters out irrelevant stimuli, but this does not happen with LSD. The additional serotonin allows the brain to process more stimuli than usual. These receptors help visualization and interpretation of the real world. It activates serotonin receptors in the brain, which stimulates serotonin production in the cortex and deep structures of the brain. People can take it orally as capsules, pills, sugar cubes, chewing gum, or liquid drops transferred to colorful blotter paper. A very small amount, equivalent to two grains of salt, is sufficient to produce the drug’s effects. Manufacturers derive it from ergot, a fungus that grows on certain grains, and a non-organic chemical called diethylamide. LSD is a semi-synthetic drug that combines natural and manufactured substances. Share on Pinterest Jasmin Merdan/Getty Images
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